Incorporating Complexity Science Theory †Free Samples to Students

Question: Discuss abouty the Incorporating Complexity Science Theory. Answer: Introduction: Health is one of the central theories of the nursing practise. However, the concept of health is complex and encompasses multiple dimensions (Alslman et al., 2015). According to World Health Organisation, health is a complex state of mental, physical and social wellbeing of a person and is not solely inclined towards the presence or absence of the disease. Nursing professionals consider health as cumulative effect of subjective experience and defined health as a multifaceted concept that includes mental health, physical health and spiritual dimension. According to epistemological concept, health is defines as a condition related to absence of disease. Under this approach, the concept of nursing is directed towards the biomedical adaptation of the patient including biological, psychological and sociocultural domain. It also emphasize on goal directed behaviour of the individual along with productive living. As the logical concept, there is a close consideration between the health and well-being so the nursing approach will not only be directed towards the physical well-being but will also be directed towards the mental well-being (Alslman et al., 2015). Under the pragmatic approach, the spiritual background of a patient is also taken into consideration for the overall improvement of the mental and physical health. According to the lingustical approach, health in nursing discipline must be oriented in a manner that is in sync with the philosophical presuppositions. Apart from this there are several nursing definitions of health (Alslman et al., 2015). Health at times is defined as movement of personality in the forward direction via interpersonal activities, promoting constructive living (Henderson, 1966). Orem (1971, 1980, 1995) has defined health in a nursing care as wholeness of mental and body functioning. Health at times is defined as a reflected level of well-being of life (Neuman, 1989). Proper definition of health helps in optimised nursing diagnosis prov iding proper nursing intervention (Lyon, 2012). Under ontological schools of thought, nursing is defined as an inherent process that is solely directed towards the wellbeing of the humans, manifested via the intregration and complexity of the human systems. The four major schools of ontological school of thoughts are Critical Theory, Post-positivism, Complexity/Relationality, and Human Science. Critical theory or social critical theory represents a school of thought that vouch for reflective assessment and stringent critique of the culture and the society via implementing the education derived from social science and humanities. This critical theory was first discussed by a group of researchers in Institute of Social Research in Frankfurt, Germany. This critical theory has emerged as an important research orientation in the domain of nursing care. It bestows the nursing profession with some board and new questions and also offers an extended knowledge on nursing care. Critical theory assists advancement in nursing understanding in everyday practice. It also helps in the identification of some critical problem associated with the nursing research, provide basis of carrying out actions for the overall improvement of the well-being of human, and provide logic behind transforming the stereotype and helps in the establishment of the new nursing care techniques that aims to withd raw the reinforcement over inequality (Mill, Allen Morrow, 2016). Positivism and Postpositivism In the models of scientific inquiry and philosophy, post positivism also known as postempiricism is a kind of metatheoretical instance that amends or criticizes the concept of positivism. The theory of positivism states that the researched person upon which the research has been conducted are independent to each other. Postpositive does not considers these two entities to be separate and propose that there lies a fine thread of connection between them. According to post positivism, the background, knowledge and the values of the researcher modulates the results or have a strong influence over the researcher person. Positivist claims that they are aware of the reality and tries to discover the universal truth under the influence of the correspondence model via recognizing the futileness of gaining definite understanding of reality. Post positivism does not abide by this concept. However, just like the concept of positivism, post positivism theory recognises the possible effect of bias es. It gives emphasis to stress, coping, adaptation, prevention, intervention. In spite of the openness of the post positivism theory, it is often argued that post positivism carries some of the weakness of the positivism theory (Clark, 1998). Human beings live in a relation with complex human communities and other broader systems and the healthcare professionals are gradually becoming aware of this concept. Through a process of mutual influence, the complex human beings and their systems are evolving via following a nonlinear path. The standardise approach in the field of management of chronic disease fail to address these non-linear linkage. Such traditional approaches also overlook the meaning and changes that have a huge impact on the day to day life human beings along with the caring for the family. Nurses come from a place of complexity. Under this aura of complexity, they need to understand lived experience like fear, hope, violence and sufferings. Moreover, the majority of the nurses who work with in communities gain a deep understanding of these complexities and ambiguities. Following the basis of complexity of the relation, the role of the registered nurse is to address these complexities and ambiguities of the p atients who are suffering from chronic illness in order to deliver patient-centred care and support, which are unique in response to the context of the person. The complexity of thinking and relational inquiry helps the Registered nurse to deliver innovation in the domain of creative care within the groups or communities and thereby shaping the health and the nature of living (James, 2010). Human Science/Caring This domain of ontology under the school of nursing is based on certain core principles like nursing practise with a caring and kind attitude, appropriate cultivation of the patients spiritual thoughts towards the path of the wholeness of the spirit, body or mind and being open to the miracles or openness towards the inexplicable and unexpected events of life (Mitchell Cody, 1992). It aims to preach the nursing profession based on the domain of moral, ethics and philosophical foundation of cultural values. According to Jean Watson, nurses must go beyond their ego and spiritual belief while serving a patient and this falls under the banner of transpersonal caring relationship. Jean Watson also put emphasis on the heart-centred interaction with another person; encourages multiple wings to increasing knowledge and consciousness and presence to the humanism of self (Sitzman Watson 2013). Human sciences provides important framework in the domain of nursing research management, practice and proper development of knowledge. Human Science also involves proper understanding and study of the human begins. The phenomenological perspective of human science holds paramount importance in the domain of nursing research. It enables the nurses to understand the individuals insights into via citing their experiences in relation to well-being and healthy life. According to Heidegger (1962), the actual meaning of being can be comprehended via understanding the reason for human existence. He also focused on human experience to develop unique human science theory on nursing practise. For example, if a patient is complaining about pain, aHeideggerian-influenced nurse would critically consider the actual reason residing behind the experience of pain. She would not merely accept the level of pain described by the patient. The nursing concept based on the human science emphasises proper u nderstanding of the patient context behind symptom or disease manifestation (Pratt, 2012). As per my knowledge, the mainstream nursing knowledge is dominated by post-positivist view. This is a kind of paradigm that promotes the application of objective knowledge without giving any importance to the human experiences, in the domain of nursing knowledge development (Pratt, 2012). While on the other hand, human science promotes proper development of the nursing knowledge via taking the patient experience into consideration and amalgamating that experience with the theory of human physiology. The Complexity/Relationality promotes goodness of health via defining nursing approach under the banner of openness, energy field, pattern, pan dimensionality, knowing participation, time, space and movement. Critical theory assists advancement in nursing understanding delivering proper social justice, prevention of gender-based violence and intersectionality (James, 2010). References Alslman, E. T., Ahmad, M. M., Bani Hani, M. A., Atiyeh, H. M. (2015). Health: A Developing Concept in Nursing.International journal of nursing knowledge,28(2), 64-69. Clark, A. M. (1998). The qualitative?quantitative debate: moving from positivism and confrontation to post?positivism and reconciliation management.Journal of advanced nursing,vol. 27(6), pp. 1242-1249. James, K. (2010). Incorporating Complexity Science Theory into Nursing Curricula. Creative Nursing, 16(3), 137-142 6p. https://ezproxy.library.yorku.ca/login?url=https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=truedb=rzhAN=105118352site=ehost-live Lyon, B. L. (2012a). Nursing-focused conceptualizations of health. In V. H. Rice (Ed.), Handbook of stress, coping, and health: Implications for nursing research, theory, and practice. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications Mill, J. E., Allen, M. N., Morrow, R. A. (2016). Critical theory: Critical methodology to disciplinary foundations in nursing.Canadian Journal of Nursing Research Archive,vol. 33(2). Mitchell, G. J., Cody, W. K. (1992). Nursing knowledge and human science: Ontological and epistemological considerations.Nursing Science Quarterly,5(2), 54-61. Pratt, M. (2012). The utility of human sciences in nursing inquiry.Nurse researcher,vol. 19(3), pp. 12-15. Sitzman, K., Watson, J. (2013).Caring science, mindful practice: Implementing Watson's human caring theory. Springer Publishing Company.